$5.99 Buy It Now or Best Offer free,30-Day Returns

Seller Store callistodesigns (42696) 99.6%, Location: Tucson, Arizona Ships to: US, Item: 364297755494 Restocking Fee:No Return shipping will be paid by:Seller All returns accepted:Returns Accepted Item must be returned within:30 Days Refund will be given as:Money Back

This listing is for a really fascinating crinoid specimen in a display jar, including an info card providing information about crinoids and the location this specimen came from. This kit is great for avid fossil and mineral specimen collectors or beginners. It would be a perfect gift set for getting someone interested in fossil collecting and science. The 1 centimeter scale cube is for size comparison only. It is not included in the sale. The photos are of several different specimens, but this listings is for one specimen with an info card. The photos show multiple specimens to give a representation of the variety of shapes and colors in these specimens. I offer a shipping discount for customers who combine their payments for multiple purchases into one payment! The discount is regular shipping price for the first item and just 50 cents for each additional item! To be sure you get your shipping discount just make sure all the items you want to purchase are in your cart. Auctions you win are added to your cart automatically. For any “buy it now” items or second chance offers, be sure to click the “add to cart” button, NOT the “buy it now” button. Once all of your items are in your cart just pay for them from your cart and the combined shipping discount should be applied automatically. I offer a money back guarantee on every item I sell. If you are not 100% happy with your purchase just send me a message to let me know and I will buy back the item for your full purchase price. Crinoids are ancient marine animals related to starfish, urchins, and sand dollars that have existed for over 480 million years and can still be found living in the oceans today. A crinoid is made of three basic sections; the stem, the calyx (center section containing the mouth and organs), and the arms. This specimen is a section of fossilized crinoid stem. It is roughly 400 million years old and was found in Morocco. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask me. CrinoidFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to navigationJump to searchCrinoidsTemporal range: Darriwilian–Holocene[1] PreЄЄOSDCPTJKPgNCrinoid on the reef of Batu Moncho Island.JPGCrinoid on the reef of Batu Moncho Island, IndonesiaScientific classificationKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:EchinodermataSubphylum:CrinozoaClass:CrinoideaMiller, 1821[2]SubclassesArticulata (540 species)†Flexibilia†Camerata†Disparida Crinoids are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). The name comes from the Greek word krinon, “a lily”, and eidos, “form”.[3][4] They live in both shallow water[5] and in depths as great as 9,000 meters (30,000 ft).[6] Those crinoids which in their adult form are attached to the sea bottom by a stalk are commonly called sea lilies.[7] The unstalked forms are called feather stars[8] or comatulids.[9] Crinoids are characterised by a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth. Although the basic echinoderm pattern of fivefold symmetry can be recognised, most crinoids have many more than five arms. Crinoids usually have a stem used to attach themselves to a substrate, but many live attached only as juveniles and become free-swimming as adults. There are only about 600 extant crinoid species,[10] but they were much more abundant and diverse in the past. Some thick limestone beds dating to the mid- to late-Paleozoic are almost entirely made up of disarticulated crinoid fragments. Contents1Morphology2Biology2.1Feeding2.2Predation2.3Circulatory systems2.4Nervous system2.5Reproduction and life cycle3Mobility4Evolution4.1Origins4.2Diversity4.3Fossils5Taxonomy6Crinoid uses7Picture galleries8See also9ReferencesMorphology A stalked crinoid drawn by Ernst Haeckel Close-up on the calyx of a characteristic abyssal stalked crinoid. Ten arms are visible, with their pinnules.Crinoids comprise three basic sections; the stem, the calyx, and the arms. The stem is composed of highly porous ossicles which are connected by ligamentary tissue. The calyx contains the crinoid’s digestive and reproductive organs, and the mouth is located at the top of the dorsal cup, while the anus is located peripheral to it. The arms display pentamerism or pentaradial symmetry and comprise smaller ossicles than the stem and are equipped with cilia which facilitate feeding by moving the organic media down the arm and into the mouth. The majority of living crinoids are free-swimming and have only a vestigial stalk. In those deep-sea species that still retain a stalk, it may reach up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length, although it is usually much smaller. The base of the stalk consists of a disc-like sucker, which, in some species, has root-like structures that further increase its grip on the underlying surface. The stalk is often lined by small cirri.[11] Like other echinoderms, crinoids have pentaradial symmetry. The aboral surface of the body is studded with plates of calcium carbonate, forming an endoskeleton similar to that in starfish and sea urchins. These make the calyx somewhat cup-shaped, and there are few, if any, ossicles in the oral (upper) surface. The upper surface, or tegmen, is divided into five ambulacral areas, including a deep groove from which the tube feet project, and five interambulacral areas between them. The anus, unusually for echinoderms, is found on the same surface as the mouth, at the edge of the tegmen.[11] The ambulacral grooves extend onto the arms, which thus have tube feet along their inner surfaces. Primitively, crinoids had only five arms, but in most living species these are divided into two, giving ten arms in total. In most living species, especially the free-swimming feather stars, the arms branch several times, producing up to two hundred branches in total. The arms are jointed, and lined by smaller feather-like appendages, or pinnules, which also include tube feet.[11] Stem, theca and arms of a “true” (stalked) crinoid (family Isselicrinidae) Oxycomanthus bennetti (comatulid) Tegmen of a Lamprometra palmata. The mouth is located at the center of the 5 feeding grooves, and the anus at the top of the column. Close-up on the cirri that allow comatulids to walk and attach themselves Close-up on the pinnules of a Tropiometra carinata (with parasites Myzostoma fuscomaculatum) BiologyFeeding Close-up on the pinnules with visible rows of translucent podia.Crinoids feed by filtering small particles of food from the sea water with their feather-like arms. The tube feet are covered with a sticky mucus that traps any food that floats past. Once they have caught a particle of food, the tube feet can flick it into the ambulacral groove, where the cilia are able to propel the stream of mucus towards the mouth. Generally speaking, crinoids living in environments with relatively little plankton have longer and more highly branched arms than those living in rich environments.[11] The mouth descends into a short oesophagus. There is no true stomach, so the oesophagus connects directly to the intestine, which runs in a single loop right around the inside of the calyx. The intestine often includes numerous diverticulae, some of which may be long or branched. The end of the intestine opens into a short muscular rectum. This ascends towards the anus, which projects from a small conical protuberance at the edge of the tegmen.[11] PredationSpecimens of the sea urchin Calocidaris micans present in a meadow of the crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae, have been shown to contain large quantities of stem portions (or columnals) in the direct vicinity of living crinoids, some of which were upended. The gut content of the sea urchins consisted of articulated ossicles with soft tissue, whereas the local sediment contained only disarticulated ossicles without soft tissue. This makes it highly likely that these sea urchins are predators of the crinoids, and that the crinoids flee, offering part of their stem in the process.[12] Various crinoid fossils hint at possible prehistoric predators. Coprolites of both fish and cephalopods have been found containing ossicles of various crinoids, such as the pelagic crinoid Saccocoma, from the Jurassic lagerstatten Solnhofen,[13] while damaged crinoid stems with bite marks matching the toothplates of coccosteid placoderms have been found in Late Devonian Poland.[14] The calyxes of several Devonian to Carboniferous-aged crinoids have the shells of a snail, Platyceras, intimately associated with them.[15] Some have the snail situated over the anus, suggesting that Platyceras was a coprophagous commensal, while others have the animal directly situated over a borehole, suggesting a more pernicious relationship.[16] Circulatory systemsLike other echinoderms, crinoids possess a water vascular system that maintains hydraulic pressure in the tube feet. This is not connected to external sea water, as in other echinoderms, but only to the body cavity. The body cavity is itself somewhat restricted, being largely replaced by connective tissue, although it is present as narrow canals within the arms and stalk.[11] Crinoids also possess a separate haemal system, consisting of fluid-filled sinuses within the connective tissue. There is a large plexus of sinuses around the oesophagus, with branches extending down to a mass of glandular tissue at the base of the calyx.[11] These various fluid-filled spaces, in addition to transporting nutrients around the body, also function as both a respiratory and an excretory system. Oxygen is absorbed primarily through the tube feet, which are the most thin-walled parts of the body, while waste is collected by phagocytic coelomocytes.[11] Nervous systemThe crinoid nervous system is divided into three parts, with numerous connections between them. The uppermost portion is the only one homologous with the nervous systems of other echinoderms. It consists of a central nerve ring surrounding the mouth, and radial nerves branching into the arms. Below this lies a second nerve ring, giving off two brachial nerves into each arm. Both of these sets of nerves are sensory in nature, with the lower set supplying the pinnules and tube feet.[11] The third portion of the nervous system lies below the other two, and is responsible for motor action. This is centred on a mass of neural tissue near the base of the calyx, and provides a single nerve to each arm and a number of nerves to the stalk.[11] Reproduction and life cycleCrinoids are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals. They have no true gonads, producing their gametes from genital canals found inside some of the pinnules. The pinnules eventually rupture to release the sperm and eggs into the surrounding sea water.[11] The fertilised eggs hatch to release a free-swimming vitellaria larva. The larva is barrel-shaped with rings of cilia running round the body, and a tuft of sensory hairs at the upper pole. In some cases females have been known to temporarily brood the larvae using chambers within the arms. While both feeding and non-feeding larvae exist among the four other extant echinoderm classes, all present day crinoids appears to be descendants from a surviving clade that went through a bottleneck after the Permian extinction, which had lost its feeding larval stage.[17] The larva’s free-swimming period lasts only for a few days before settling to the bottom and attaching itself to the underlying surface using an adhesive gland on its ventral surface. The larva then metamorphoses into a stalked juvenile. Even the free-swimming feather stars sometimes go through this stage, with the adult eventually breaking away from the stalk.[11] Within 10 to 16 months the crinoid will be able to reproduce.[citation needed] Mobility A stalked crinoid (white) and a comatulid (red) in deep sea, showing the differences between these two sister groupsMost modern crinoids, i.e., the feather stars, are free-swimming and lack a stem as adults. Examples of fossil crinoids that have been interpreted as free-swimming include Marsupitsa, Saccocoma and Uintacrinus.[citation needed] In 2005, a stalked crinoid was recorded pulling itself along the sea floor off the Grand Bahama Island. While it has been known that stalked crinoids move, before this recording the fastest motion of a crinoid was 0.6 metres/hour (2 ft/h) 0.0167 cm/s (centimeters per second). The 2005 recording showed a crinoid moving much faster, at a rate of 4-5 centimeters/second (144 to 180 meters per hour).[18] EvolutionSee also: List of echinodermata ordersOrigins Agaricocrinus americanus, a fossil crinoid from the Carboniferous of Indiana Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Apiocrinites crinoid pluricolumnals from the Matmor Formation in Hamakhtesh Hagadol, southern IsraelIf one ignores the enigmatic Echmatocrinus of the Burgess Shale, the earliest known unequivocal crinoid groups date back to the Ordovician. There are two competing hypotheses pertaining to the origin of the group: the traditional viewpoint holds that crinoids evolved from within the blastozoans (the eocrinoids and their derived descendants, the blastoids and the cystoids), whereas the most popular alternative suggests that the crinoids split early from among the edrioasteroids.[19] The debate is difficult to settle, in part because all three candidate ancestors share many characteristics, including radial symmetry, calcareous plates, and stalked or direct attachment to the substrate.[19] DiversityThe crinoids underwent two periods of abrupt adaptive radiation; the first during the Ordovician, the other was during the early Triassic after they underwent a selective mass extinction at the end of the Permian period.[20] This Triassic radiation resulted in forms possessing flexible arms becoming widespread; motility, predominantly a response to predation pressure, also became far more prevalent.[21] This radiation occurred somewhat earlier than the Mesozoic marine revolution, possibly because it was mainly prompted by increases in benthic predation, specifically of echinoids.[22] After the end-Permian extinction, crinoids never regained the morphological diversity they enjoyed in the Paleozoic; they employed a different suite of the ecological strategies open to them from those that had proven so successful in the Paleozoic.[20] The long and varied geological history of the crinoids demonstrates how well the echinoderms have adapted to filter-feeding. The fossils of other stalked filter-feeding echinoderms, such as blastoids, are also found in rocks of the Palaeozoic era. These extinct groups can exceed the crinoids in both numbers and variety in certain strata. However, none of these others survived the crisis at the end of the Permian period. FossilsSome fossil crinoids, such as Pentacrinites, seem to have lived attached to floating driftwood and complete colonies are often found. Sometimes this driftwood would become waterlogged and sink to the bottom, taking the attached crinoids with it. The stem of Pentacrinites can be several metres long. Modern relatives of Pentacrinites live in gentle currents attached to rocks by the end of their stem. The largest fossil crinoid on record had a stem 40 m (130 ft) in length.[23] In 2012, three geologists reported they had isolated complex organic molecules from 340-million-year-old (Mississippian) fossils of multiple species of crinoids. Identified as “resembl[ing …] aromatic or polyaromatic quinones”, these are the oldest molecules to be definitively associated with particular individual fossils, as they are believed to have been sealed inside ossicle pores by precipitated calcite during the fossilization process.[24]

Frequently Asked Questions About Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card in My Website

www.adborg.com is the best online shopping platform where you can buy Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card from renowned brand(s). www.adborg.com delivers the most unique and largest selection of products from across the world especially from the US, UK and India at best prices and the fastest delivery time.

What are the best-selling Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card on www.adborg.com?

www.adborg.com helps you to shop online and delivers Dior to your doorstep. The best-selling Dior on www.adborg.com are: Christian Dior pouch trotter saddle PVC Pink Used NEW Christian Dior Novelty BIG pink Pouch star charm suede Christian Dior Lady Dior Cannage Patent Leather Hand bag Beige Authentic Christian Dior Trotter Canvas Leather Mini Boston Bag Beige Used F/S Dior Trotter No1 Bag Pochette Crossbody Shoulder Pvc/Leather Pink J’adore L’Or By Dior Essence De Parfum Mini 3.5mL 0.12oz Dab Bottle New in Box Dior Shoulder Bag Trotter Canvas Bordeaux Authentic E0717307 Dior Beauty GWP 2023 Blue Pouch Modified to Shoulder Bag Gold Chain Strap Authentic Dior Drawstring Bag Medium Purse 16” X 15” NEW Dior Pink D’Trick Oblique Shoulder Bag Christian Dior Trotter Canvas Shoulder Bag Black Auth 72874 Authentic Christian Dior Shoulder Tote Bag Dior beauty Canvas Beige Christian Dior Clutch Shoulder Bag Canvas Leather 2Set Navy Black Auth bs16499 Dior Beige/Maroon Oblique Canvas,Suede and Patent Leather Tote Dior Navy Blue/Pink Canvas and Leather Shoulder Bag Strap Christian Dior Clutch Bag Pouch Leather CHRISTIAN DIOR Patent Cannage New Lock Pouch Black Rare Christian Dior Leather Gray Pebble Pochette Bag Dior Logo Old Dior Dust Bag Christian Dior Brown PVC Trotter Romantic Handbag 02-BO-0075 152773 Christian Dior I LOVE DIOR Women’s 1.7 oz Eau De Toilette Spray Christian Dior Montagne Trailer Shoulder Bag Leather Black Silver Auth 86594 Christian Dior Tote Bag Novelty VIP Customers Only Japan 12.6″ x 13.8″ Gift 🧩 Dior Puzzle Around the World 500 Piece Collector’s NEW 2024 Dior Shoulder Bag Trotter Canvas Beige Authentic E0716273 Auth DIOR/ChristianDior Lady Dior Light Medium Bag Red Pink Multi Jacquard Christian Dior DIORIVIERA Pouch Clutch Bag Rattan Beige w/Box 2023 JAPAN NEW Miss Dior Smell Like Women Roll On Body Oil by YZY Perfume 12 Ml 3x CHRISTIAN DIOR PARFUM J’adore+Rose oil serum+Lipstick holiday gift party 🌈 teen Christian Dior Hobo Shoulder Bag Trotter Leather Brown Cannage Hardware Auth CHRISTIAN DIOR CATSTYLE 1S Gray Silver Mirrored LIMITED Sunglasses CATSTYLEDIOR Christian Dior Umbrage L9RIR Black Round Sunglasses 52 20 135 10x Dior Joy by Dior Eau de Parfum EDP INTENSE Sample Spray Vials 1ml X 10 Lot JADORE INFINISSIME DIOR EAU DE PARFUM SPRAY 1.7 OZ FOR WOMEN NEW IN SEALED BOX Christian Dior Clutch Bag Nylon Black Auth ep3005 Christian Dior Lady Dior Leather 2 Way Handbag Multicolor Raqib Shaw Christian Dior Maris Pearl Shoulder Bag Nylon Khaki Auth bs10532 Christian Dior Tiger Pattern 2023 Model Tote Bag Novelty 33cm x 36cm Gift Rare Christian Dior Shoulder Bag Crossbody CD Leather Black Authentic Christian Dior Trotter Shoulder Bag Canvas Leather Brown Authentic 0072 AUTHENTIC NEW DIOR 30MONTAIGNE S3U 56C0 SUNGLASSES DIOR DIOR VIP Perfume+Clutch holiday party gift Tuileries Disney Christmas 🌈 Dior J’Adore L’Or Lor Essence De Parfum Perfume Sample Jadore Vintage Christian Dior 100% Silk Scarf Brown, Gold, Blue And White 33×33 Auth Christian Dior Small Boston Bag Navy Beige Denim Leather Used Christian Dior Vintage Sweater Lot Pullover 100% Orlon Acrylic (L) Embroidered Dior Blue Denim Medium Crystal Embellished Diorama Shoulder Bag Dior blue cosmetic makeup toiletry bag pouch travel train case Christian Dior Novelty Summer Clutch Pouch 2024 towel fabric gift 2024 XMAS Christian Dior HOLIDAY Novelty Vanity Pouch Mirror case bag charm JPN Christian Dior Vanity Pouch Case Novelty Limited White circle NEW DIOR MEDIUM BLACK HARD SUNGLASSES CASE WITH CLOTH & CARDS. 100% AUTHENTIC. Christian Dior Straw Pouch Mini Shoulder Bag Limited Novelty Japan Wholesale Lot of 100 Christian Dior White Drawstring Cotton Dust Bag Pouch 6×5″ CHRISTIAN DIOR Vegan Leather Clutch Size 9×6 READ!! Christian Dior BIG Pouch vanity PINK logo mark star charm tag gift NOVELTY Christian Dior PVC Shoulder Crossbody Bag Brown Dior Toile de Jouy Drawstring Bag Pouch Nylon/Leather Pink/Gray S5452ONTJ_M45E Auth DIOR/ChristianDior – Navy Calf Skin Shoulder Bag Auth Christian Dior One Shoulder bag Canvas Leather Trotter Logo Navy Women Christian Dior Straw Pouch Mini Shoulder Bag VIP Limited Novelty Box New F/S Christian Dior Le Pas vintage red satin Stocking Lingerie Storage bag Travel Dior Mini Bag Romantic Line Pvc Leather Brown Silver Hardware Lcs44706 Christian Dior Shoulder Bag Trotter Canvas Leather Brown Purse Crossbody Auth Dior Shoulder Bag Leather White Authentic F07251213 Christian Dior Canage Hand Bag Nylon Beige Auth bs12732 CHRISTIAN DIOR Trotter Pattern Hand Tote Bag Canvas Leather Blue GHW 35EB800 Dior Vintage Honeycomb Clutch Bag Beige Authentic Auth DIOR/ChristianDior Flight White Leather Shoulder Bag Christian Dior Shoulder Bag beads Black Multicolor Auth 87649S Dior Christian BOX Pouch Red Embroidery Letters White 2024 Novelty 180*95*90mm Dior Lady Dior Cannage Tanabata Limited Edition Size Mini Lambskin Black/Red… DIOR Cannage Tote Bag Lambskin Red Christian Dior Dioriviera Tote Bag Red Insole Tiger Boutique Novelty Gift LTD JP Christian Dior Trotter Canvas Pouch Pink Auth am6204 Christian Dior PRIVÉE COLLECTION Gris Dior Eau de Parfum Sample .06 oz/ 2ml DIOR J’ADORE EDP 0.67 OZ PURSE SPRAY FULL CANISTER + 2 ADDITIONAL REFILL Christian Dior Novelty Charm set Key chain strap Star Christian Dior Novelty Clutch Pouch 2023 Summer gift bag NEW Auth DIOR/ChristianDior 30 Montaigne Box Bag – Pink Leather Shoulder Bag Auth DIOR/ChristianDior Book Tote Large Bag M1286ZRGO Dark Navy Cream Jacquard – Dior Heart My ABCDior Strap Badge Dior Diorissimo 2way shoulder Handbag leather Black Used Women SHW Women’s Designer Perfume Sample Vials #1 – Choose Scent – Combined Shipping Christian Dior Shoulder Bag Trotter Crossbody Logo Leather Nylon Navy Auth Auth DIOR/ChristianDior Lady Dior Light Medium Bag M0565ORUV_M962 White Multi – Christian Dior DioramaClub 0FBX/A4 Matte Blue/Pink Mirrored Sunglasses Christian Dior Trotter Canvas Shoulder Bag Navy Auth 77938 NIB DIOR MISS DIOR PARFUM PERFUME SPLASH MINI TRAVEL SIZE BOTTLE .17 FL OZ 5 ML Dior Oblique saddle Waist Bag Canvas Navy S5632CRIW Auth Dior Cannage Patterned Tote Bag Pink PVC T00J jadore Dior gold Beauty pouch 👝 AUTH Christian Dior Trotter Wallet Red A3518S509 Christian Dior Canage Hand Bag Nylon Khaki Auth bs9789 Dior DIORBLACKSUIT XL S1I Black Grey Rectangle Sunglasses Christian Dior Medium Oblique Book Tote Bag M1296Z canvas Gray Beige Used Women Dior Cosmetic Crossbody Chain Bag Christian Dior Honeycomb Canvas Shoulder Bag PVC Leather Beige Gold Auth 91284 [Genuine Product] Dior Staggered Tote Bag Novelty 33cm × 37cm Limited 2023 New Christian Dior [Rank AB] Honeycomb Shoulder Bag Purse PVC Leather Authentic Christian Dior Trotter Shoulder Crossbody Messenger Bag Canvas Navy Grey Mens Pullover Fleece Hoodie